|
|
Combustion Technology - Essentials of Flames and Burners - Wiley 2016
Vasudevan Raghavan
Associate Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, INDIA
E-mail: raghavan@iitm.ac.in
Combustion Technology: Essentials of Flames and Burners
Vasudevan Raghavan
© Author, 2016
This Edition Published by
John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
1. Introduction 1–14
1.1. Combustion Process – Basic Definitions 1
1.2. Types of Fuels and Their Characteristics 3
1.2.1. Gaseous Fuels 4
1.2.2. Liquid Fuels 6
1.2.3. Solid Fuels 9
1.3. Modes of Combustion Processes 11
1.4. Emissions and Environment 13
1.5. Suggested Reading 14
Review Questions 14
2. Review of Combustion Thermodynamics 15–48
and Kinetics
2.1. Combustion Stoichiometry 15
2.2. First Law Applied to Combustion 20
3. Review of Combustion Phenomena 49–104
3.1. Premixed Flames [1, 2, 5, 7, 11, 12] 49
3.1.1. Laminar Premixed Flames and 51
Flame Speed
3.1.2. Basic Characteristics of Turbulent 62
Premixed Flames
3.1.3. Stability of Premixed Flames 67
3.1.4. Quenching Distance 70
3.2. Non-premixed Flames 71
3.2.1. Laminar Jet Diffusion Flames 72
3.2.2. Turbulent Diffusion Flames 75
3.2.3. Flame Height Correlations 76
3.3. Flames from Condensed Fuels 83
3.3.1. Evaporation and Burning of 85
Isolated Fuel Droplets
3.3.2. Combustion of a Carbon 97
Particle [2, 3, 6, 7, 12]
Review Questions 102
4. Burners for Gaseous Fuels 105–138
4.1. Classifications 106
4.2. Co-flow Burners 109
4.3. Swirl Burners 120
5. Burners for Liquid Fuels 139–171
5.1. Types of Liquid Fuel Burners 139
5.2. Basics of Atomization [10, 19] 148
5.2.1. Types of Atomizers [19] 150
5.2.2. Correlations for Droplet Diameters 160
5.3. Introduction to Spray Combustion [9, 10, 19] 163
5.4. General Design Procedure 167
5.5. Operation of Liquid Fuel Burners 169
Review Questions 171
6. Solid Fuel Systems 173–212
6.1. Combustion of Solid Fuels [2, 20] 173
6.1.1. Grate Burners, Fluidized Beds and 175
Pulverized Burners [2, 16, 20]
6.1.2. Design, Performance and 179
Emission Characteristics
6.2. Gasification of Solid Fuels [16, 20] 205
6.2.1. Types of Gasification Systems 207
6.2.2. Design, Performance and 208
Emission Characteristics
Review Questions 211
7. Alternative Fuels 213–219
7.1. Production and Characterization of 214
Alternative Fuels
7.2. Performance and Emission Characteristics 216
7.3. Future Scope 218
Review Questions 219
Suggested Reading 221–222
Index 223–225
|
|
|