Intermolecular and Surface Forces - 3rd Edition 2011

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Intermolecular and Surface Forces - 3rd Edition 2011

Third Edition
Jacob N. Israelachvili
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
SANTA BARBARA, CALIFORNIA, USA

Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier
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Third edition 2011
Copyright
2011, Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Contents
Preface to the Third Edition xvii
Preface to the Second Edition xix
Preface to the First Edition xxi
PART ONE THE FORCES BETWEEN ATOMS AND
MOLECULES 1
1. Historical Perspective 3
1.1. The Four Forces of Nature 3
1.2. Greek and Medieval Notions of Intermolecular Forces 3
1.3. The Seventeenth Century: First Scientific Period 5
1.4. The Eighteenth Century: Confusion, Contradictions,
and Controversy 7
1.5. The Nineteenth Century: Continuum versus
Molecular Theories 8
1.6. Intermolecular Force-Laws and Interaction
Potentials: Long- and Short-Range Forces 9
1.7. First Successful Phenomenological Theories 12
1.8. First Estimates of Molecular Sizes 15
1.9. The Twentieth Century: Understanding Simple Systems 16
1.10. Recent Trends 17
Problems and Discussion Topics 18
2. Thermodynamic and Statistical Aspects
of Intermolecular Forces 23
2.1. The Interaction of Molecules in Free Space and in a Medium 23
2.2. Self-Energy and Pair Potential 25
2.3. The Boltzmann Distribution and the Chemical Potential 26

3. Strong Intermolecular Forces: Covalent
and Coulomb Interactions 53
3.1. Covalent or Chemical Bonding Forces 53
3.2. Physical and Chemical Bonds 54
3.3. Coulomb Forces or Charge-Charge Interactions,
Gauss’s Law 55
3.4. Ionic Crystals 58
3.5. Reference States 59
3.6. Range of Electrostatic Forces 60
3.7. The Born Energy of an Ion 61
3.8. Solubility of Ions in Different Solvents 62
3.9. Specific Ion-Solvent Effects: Continuum Approach 66
3.10. Molecular Approach: Computer Simulations
and Integral Equations of Many-Body Systems 67
Problems and Discussion Topics 68
4. Interactions Involving Polar Molecules 71
4.1. What Are Polar Molecules? 71

5. Interactions Involving the Polarization of Molecules 91
5.1. The Polarizability of Atoms and Molecules 91
5.2. The Polarizability of Polar Molecules 93
5.3. Other Polarization Mechanisms and the Effects
of Polarization on Electrostatic Interactions 94
5.4. Interactions between Ions and Uncharged Molecules 96
5.5. Ion-Solvent Molecule Interactions and the Born Energy 98
5.6. Dipole-Induced Dipole Interactions 99
5.7. Unification of Polarization Interactions 99
5.8. Solvent Effects and “Excess Polarizabilities” 100
Problems and Discussion Topics 105
6. Van der Waals Forces 107
6.1. Origin of the Van der Waals-dispersion Force between
Neutral Molecules: the London Equation 107
6.2. Strength of Dispersion Forces: Van der Waals
Solids and Liquids 109

22. Dynamic Biointeractions 617
22.1. Subtleties of Biological Forces and Interactions 617
22.2. Interactions that Evolve in Space and Time:
Some General Considerations 617
22.3. Biological Rupture and Capture: the Bell
and Jarzynski Equations 619
22.4. Multiple Bonds in Series and in Parallel 622
22.5. Detachment versus Capture Processes: Biological
Importance of “Rare Events” 626
22.6. Dynamic Interactions between Biological Membranes
and Biosurfaces 626
22.7. Self-Assembly versus Directed Assembly: Dynamic Phases
and Tunable Materials 628
22.8. Motor Proteins, Transport Proteins, and Protein Engines 630
Problems and Discussion Topics 631
References 635
Index 661

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Intermolecular and Surface Forces - 3rd Edition 2011

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Intermolecular and Surface Forces - 3rd Edition 2011

Third Edition
Jacob N. Israelachvili
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
SANTA BARBARA, CALIFORNIA, USA

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Intermolecular and Surface Forces - 3rd Edition 2011