Oil Spill Environmental Forensics - Case Studies - Butterworth-Heinemann 2018

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Oil Spill Environmental Forensics - Case Studies - Butterworth-Heinemann 2018

Edited by
SCOTT A. STOUT, Ph.D.
NewFields Environmental Forensics Practice, LLC, Rockland, MA, United States
ZHENDI WANG, Ph.D.
Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada

Butterworth-Heinemann is an imprint of Elsevier
The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, United Kingdom
50 Hampshire Street, 5th Floor, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
Copyright r 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Preface
Advances in the environmental forensics aspects of oil spill research are continually being achieved. Our first
textbook on this subject (Oil Spill Environmental Forensics, Academic Press, 2007) brought together researchers
from 11 countries to convey what, at the time, represented a state-of-the-science compilation of the proven and
emerging technologies relevant to the forensic questions surrounding oil spills’ impacts on the environment. This
original compilation included reviews of the methods focused on chemical fingerprinting and source identification,
as well as a limited number of case studies dating back to the Exxon Valdez studies in the 1990s, which some
recognize as the commencement of oil spill environmental forensics. The authors strove to provide thorough
inventories of the relevant literature previously dispersed in chemistry, geology, oceanography, and environmental
books, journals, and unpublished reports into a single volume.
Following the Deepwater Horizon disaster and oil spill in 2010 a new surge in oil spill research occurred that
rapidly expanded the breadth of technologies and data analysis methods utilized in oil spill environmental forensics.
The available literature expanded commensurate with these efforts and our second edition textbook
(Standard Handbook—Oil Spill Environmental Forensics, Academic Press, 2016) attempted to capture the new stateof-
the-science following this surge in oil spill research. That effort was intentionally focused on the most relevant
topics or categories, such as sampling and study design, expanded or new diagnostic chemicals, analytical instrumentation,
data analysis and interpretation, different types of petroleum, weathering effects, fate and transport,
and fingerprinting different matrices (water, tissues, sediments). All along, it was our intention to follow the 2016
textbook with this one, in which we strove to assemble and present “real world” oil spill case studies.
In this book we have assembled 34 chapters that serve to present various aspects of environmental forensics in
relation to “real-world” oil spill case studies from around the globe. The magnitude of the collective efforts of the
chapters’ lead authors and the dozens of co-authors, representing academic, government, and private researcher
groups from 14 countries, is commendable. The professionalism shown by these diverse groups in respecting our
deadlines and following our guidance has made our editorial task enjoyable, and we hope, has brought a more
global perspective to this volume.
For the book we have broadened the definition of “oil spill” to include releases that include natural gas/methane,
automotive gasoline and other petroleum fuels, lubricants, vegetable oils, paraffin waxes, bitumen, manufactured
gas plant residues, urban runoff, and, of course, crude oil, the latter ranging from light Bakken shale oil to
heavy Canadian oil sands oil. New challenges surrounding forensic investigations of stray gas in the shallow subsurface,
volatiles in air, dissolved chemicals in water (including passive samplers), and biological tissues associated
with oil spills are included in various case studies, as are the effects and long-term oil weathering, longterm
monitoring in urbanized and nonurbanized environments, fate and transport, forensic historical research,
new analytical and chemical data processing and interpretation methods.
In closing, it is acknowledged that all scientists at any point in their career share one common goal—to
continue to learn. And although we all learn from our own experiences, the ability to learn from others’ experiences
cannot be understated. Therefore, we hope that this volume focused on case studies will not only be of
interest and educational to experienced oil spill researchers, but also to lecturers and students alike. It is left to
the reader to use the information contained herein to achieve a greater understanding, and perhaps modify and
improve their thinking with respect to the various aspects of oil spill environmental forensics.
Scott A. Stout
NewFields Environmental Forensics Practice, LLC, Rockland, MA, United States
Zhendi Wang
Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
September 2017

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